Volume 20, Issue 4 (12-2025)
MGj 2025, 20(4): 305-320 |
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Amirbakhtiar N, Zahravi M, Arshad Y, Mosharraf Ghahfarrokhi G, Mahdavimajd J, Afzaz M H. Evaluation and identification of bread wheat germplasm tolerant to terminal heat stress. MGj 2025; 20 (4) : 5
URL: http://mg.genetics.ir/article-1-1903-en.html
URL: http://mg.genetics.ir/article-1-1903-en.html
Nazanin Amirbakhtiar * 
, Mehdi Zahravi , Yousef Arshad , Gholamabbas Mosharraf Ghahfarrokhi , Javad Mahdavimajd , Mohammad Hossein Afzaz
, Mehdi Zahravi , Yousef Arshad , Gholamabbas Mosharraf Ghahfarrokhi , Javad Mahdavimajd , Mohammad Hossein Afzaz
Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
Abstract: (15 Views)
To identify genetic resources tolerant to heat stress in bread wheat, 224 accessions from the National Plant Gene Bank of Iran were evaluated under normal and heat-stress conditions (imposed through late sowing) in the experimental field of the Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center in Ahvaz. The experiment was conducted using an augmented design with three check cultivars (Chamran, Chamran-2, and Aflak). Ten morphological and phenological traits were measured, including spike length, 100-grain weight, plant height, number of grains per spike, number of spikelets per spike, number of florets per spikelet, days to heading, days to full maturity, grain-filling period, and grain weight of five spikes. The results showed that the mean values of all traits decreased under heat stress compared with normal conditions, with the greatest reduction (68.34%) observed in grain weight of five spikes. Significant positive correlations were observed between the grain weight of five spikes and both the 100-grain weight and the number of grains per spike under both conditions. A large number of accessions outperformed the check cultivars for various traits. Principal component analysis identified four principal components under each condition, which collectively explained over 71% and 77% of the total variation under heat-stress and normal conditions, respectively. Based on the characteristics identified through principal component analysis, accessions KC13318, KC13320, KC13642, and KC13620 exhibited desirable attributes associated with yield potential, earliness, and reproductive efficiency under both normal and heat-stress conditions. In addition, accession KC13645 under normal conditions and accession KC13643 under heat-stress conditions also exhibited these desirable characteristics. These accessions can serve as valuable resources in breeding programs aimed at developing heat-tolerant bread wheat cultivars
Article number: 5
Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Subject 01
Received: 2026/02/15 | Accepted: 2026/09/7 | Published: 2026/09/17
Received: 2026/02/15 | Accepted: 2026/09/7 | Published: 2026/09/17
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